A new religion known as Buddhism began to take shape during which dynasty?

• A. Qin
• B. Han
• C. Tang
• D. Ming

Answer: (B)

Buddhism began to take shape and gain prominence during the Han Dynasty in China, which lasted from 206 BCE to 220 CE. This period was crucial for the development and spread of Buddhism as it was during the Han Dynasty that the religion began to enter China from India through trade routes, such as the Silk Road. The establishment of the Silk Road facilitated not only the exchange of goods but also of ideas and beliefs, allowing Buddhism to influence Chinese culture, philosophy, and spirituality significantly.

As the Han Dynasty progressed, the imperial support for various philosophies, including Confucianism, created an environment where Buddhism could also be accepted and adapted by the local populace. This led to the establishment of monastic communities and the translation of Buddhist texts into Chinese. Buddhism's development continued to evolve over the centuries, but the foundational groundwork was clearly laid during the Han Dynasty, setting the stage for further growth in subsequent dynasties such as the Tang.