During which dynasty did Buddhism become the dominant religion in China?

• A. The Ming Dynasty
• B. The Han Dynasty
• C. The Tang Dynasty
• D. The Song Dynasty

Answer: (C)

Buddhism became the dominant religion in China during the Tang Dynasty, which lasted from 618 to 907 CE. This period is significant for several reasons. The Tang Dynasty was marked by a strong centralized government, increased trade through the Silk Road, and a relatively open attitude towards foreign cultures, which facilitated the spread and acceptance of Buddhism within Chinese society.

During this time, numerous Buddhist temples and monasteries were established, and many Chinese intellectuals and political figures embraced the faith. The Tang also saw the emergence of influential Buddhist schools, such as Chan (Zen), which resonated with Chinese philosophical traditions and contributed to the religion's popularity. The patronage of the Tang emperors further solidified Buddhism's status, making it integral to the cultural and spiritual landscape of the era.

The other dynasties listed do not reflect the same level of prominence for Buddhism. While Buddhism was introduced during the Han Dynasty and saw some growth during the Song Dynasty, it was during the Tang that it truly flourished and became a dominant religious and cultural force across China.